Not necessarily. Genes mutate all the time. As the merle gene we know in many breeds is 'dominant', there's a chance the same mutation can happen again spontaneously.
Recessive can re-mutate as well... in fact the case of remutation I am most familiar with did involve a recessive gene.
Seeing as there are now merle French Bulldogs, Staffies, as well as Chi's being imported, it is far more likely to be down to cross-breeding, just like the 'new' Black and Tan Pugs and other unrecognised colours.
Merles are healthy dogs, just a different colour. It is only when merle to merle breeding occurs that there CAN be problems, this is no longer allowed.
I am kicking myself right now, as few months ago I was given the link to a published research paper studying the health of ALL merles, not just double merles. They did find a higher percentage of eye anomalies and deafness. Can't find the link now, but passed it onto a friend with a merle dog who has had severe immune system issues, so I will try to resurrect it.
Rough collies with blue merle coats do not seem to have any skin issues at all.
I know in staffies they seem to have issues, although I think it goes hand in hand with the poor breeding tbh, not just their colour but most blue staff breeders are not concerned with the health of dogs so you may have a black staff with the same skin issues.
I can see there's some confusion here.
The Merle gene is entirely different to the colour "Blue" seen in some breeds.
"Blue" is down to the Dilution Gene [D], which is recessive, and when two copies of the gene are present, dilutes the coat colour of Black dogs to a Blue-grey, and Liver/Chocolate/'Red' to a paler warm grey termed Lilac.
In some breeds of dog which have the Dilution gene present, there is an associative disorder known as Colour Dilution Alopecia [CDA]. Dogs with this disorder are always Blue or 'Lilac'. It presents as a poor or thinning coat especially around the hindquarters. There may be some skin sensitivity as well but I'm not sure that has been pinpointed as a direct result of the colour.
There are some breeds of dog with the Dilution gene, where CDA does not occur. Border Collies and Weimaraners are examples where it is absent; Dobermanns and Staffies are breeds where is does.
It is thought that a modifier gene in the affected breeds is the culprit, carried alongside the Dilution gene but only expressing itself when there are two copies of D (i.e. when the dog is blue or lilac). It has no effect on black or chocolate (or any other colour).
Merle - The effect of the Merle gene is to create a dappled effect where the background colour is 'blue' with darker patches (on a genetically black dog). It produces light pinky red background with darker brown patches on a genetically Choc/Liver/'Red'/Brown dog.
It is also possible to have a merle dog that is genetically "Blue" (with the Dilution gene), i understand these are termed Slate Merles in some breeds. Likewise you can also get Lilac Merles.
I hope I have explained the difference between "Blue" as in "Blue Merles" and "Blue" as in Blue Dilution and the other effects of the Dilution gene.