I use my daily walks to also train my dog. I just don't go for a straight walk and let him do his own thing.
A walk may consist of 2/3 recalls form a sit/stay. A go back or two for a dummy that's been left on the track., a left and a right retrieve, a couple of blind retireves, and a little hunt up (under control) along with 2/3 toilet breaks. I also stand still when he is sent for a toilet break, he normally comes back of his own accord when he's done sniffing, peeing and of course scenting. I also throw in a stop whistle when he is of toileting, for which I go over praise him and then release him again to finish. In between times he is at heel and off lead.
DO you train whilst walking or just walk and follow the dog?

I use my walks as training sessions, not as much as you though we just work on recall, sit at distance and waiting at a distance

Sometimes i work at getting him to go over low walls and coming back as he loves it. Also i have permission to let him chase birds off fields from the farmer so we do a fair bit of long distance recall as well he loves birds but only chases on command.

yes, I alway's incorporate going over walls, streams, or through kissing gates as a sit /wait and then release with "over"

Yes of course. I`d have thought most people do. Even without meaning to.

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This.

I don't train my dogs on any formal level, and havent done since they were pups/youngsters.

I also don't follow them. I dictate the route, and recall them if they go the wrong way. Ill randomly call them back (usually if the distance between us is extending - although this rarely happens), and i always get them to sit when i do, although they do it automatically most of the time.

Recall and sit when we see people, bikers, horseriders etc, but nothing formal or intended as purely training. I dont have a need to.

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I usually just walk him. Sometimes I'll add in some heelwork, some recall and some retrieve, but the walk is for him to track, sniff and follow scents. He's walked on a short lead or on a flexi/long line so there's less need for training to be done at a distance and sometimes I don't do anything with him, he just enjoys sniffing the scents and I just enjoy the countryside.

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I think a lot of people dont. They see no reason to and then wonder why they cant get their dogs back. I have to say I do not do as much as I used to but then again I seldom 'go for a walk' nowadays as the dogs come out with the horses. Usually my walks are in foul weather as those are the days we havent been out with the horses so the dogs need a walk and that is often head down and walking in a gale and not really worrying about training the dogs. When I was having recall problems with Candy I did a fair bit of walking and training though.

When I lived a different lifestyle my dogs were walked 4 times a day and trained a lot - I have never made a dog walk to heel on a walk though like grandad does - I want my dogs to run around and expend energy.

Mine, expends energy, running for retrieves, sits and recalls. These can be as long as 100 - 200 yards. And when it is a blind, he expends energy using his nose to find the dummy. Much more constructive as he is using energy, brain and nose.

Surely the level of training depends on breed and if the dog is used for working or not?

__________________

I am just a worthless liar.
I am just an imbecile.
I will only complicate you.
Trust in me and fall as well.
I will find a center in you.
I will chew it up and leave,
I will work to elevate you
just enough to bring you down

I know this is relative on each dog's needs, but doing 20 minutes of focused, concentrated training can just be as tiring as going for an hour long walk. So, by incorporating a lot of short training exercises into a walk, the dog is expending more energy than it would be if he was allowed to run around free.