YouTube - Horse Training With the Initiator Signal - Asking Your Horse's Permission
no, the subject is not a dog - don't panic.

precisely the same thing can be done with a dog, cat,
parrot, etc - let THEM tell U if they are ready for the next-step.
this is especially important if the subject is fearful, defensive, aggro or reactive in any way;
if they tend to snap, bolt, duck, growl when startled or pushed too fast, etc,
add this step
to Ur repertoire, and theirs - it seems to be time-wasting, but it
saves time - and lots of it,
when the subject is empowered and feels comfortable with each step; there is then no startling,
less frustration on their part and Urs, and No Bad Memories for the next training session.
when the animal feels safe, progress is so much faster!

try it and see what U think.
__________________
terry pride, APDT-Aus, apdt#1827, CVA, TDF
*wolves R wolves, dogs R dogs, + primates R us.*
tmp, sept-2007