Anything that you do not want 'trashed' by hens will need to be fenced off. They are very partial to all sorts of plants, fruit and vegetables

As far as free-ranging is concerned it depends on how safe you feel they will be while you are out. I live in a semi rural area, my hens are protected by large runs with poultry netting overhead and the panels go down a few feet underground, just in case Mr or Mrs Fox fancies a snack. Just depends on risk of predators (four legged and the naughty two legged variety!!).